NC State Extension Publications

Introduction

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The North Carolina Agricultural Chemicals Manual provides extension specialists and agents, researchers, and professionals in the agriculture industry with information on the selection, application, and safe and proper use of agricultural chemicals. The manual is revised annually offering a wealth of up-to-date and reliable information covering pesticides, fertilizers, application equipment, specimen identification, growth regulators, and the control of insects, diseases, weeds, and animals. It is available digitally free of charge in a PDF format.

This edition was prepared by the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences at North Carolina State University and by an editorial committee consisting of Lina Quesada, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Chair; Wes Everman, Crop and Soil Sciences; Steve Frank, Entomology and Plant Pathology; Luke Gatiboni, Crop and Soil Sciences; Katie Jennings, Horticultural Science; Kelly Oten, Forestry and Environmental Resources; Dominic Reisig, Entomology and Plant Pathology; Matthew Vann, Crop and Soil Sciences; Jason Ward, Biological and Agricultural Engineering; Brian Whipker, Horticultural Science; Dale Monks, Administrative Advisor; and Patrick Jones, Pesticide Division, North Carolina Department of Agriculture & Consumer Services.

Published by NC State Extension

Distributed by the University of North Carolina Press

Printed Manual

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Copies of the current manual are available for purchase online through UNC Press.

Customers ordering five (5) or more copies are eligible for a 25% discount by applying promotion code 01NCSU25 into the shopping cart at checkout. You can also place an order by calling 800-848-6224 and using the same promotion code.

Useful Phone Numbers

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NC Poison Control Center

1-800-222-1222

NC Poison Control Center can give advice on diagnosis and treatment of human illness resulting from toxic substances.

NCDA&CS Structural Pest Control and Pesticides Division

1-919-733-3556

The NCDA&CS Structural Pest Control and Pesticides Division provides information and help to aid in responding to emergencies involving pesticides.

National Pesticide Information Center

1-800-858-7378

NPIC provides information by phone about pesticides Monday through Friday, 8 a.m. to 12 p.m., Pacific Time.

Pesticide Disposal Assistance Program

1-919-733-3556 (Raleigh, N.C.)

PDAP gives information and assistance for the disposal of unwanted pesticides.

Misuse of Pesticides

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It is illegal to use any pesticide in a manner not permitted by its labeling. The status of registration and use patterns of pesticides mentioned in this manual are subject to change by actions of state and federal regulatory agencies.

Table of Contents

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ABBREVIATIONS

I. PESTICIDE USE AND SAFETY INFORMATION

Restricted Use Pesticides; Special Local Need —24(c) Registrations in North Carolina; The Safe Use of Pesticides; Evaluating the Potential for Groundwater Contamination

II. CHEMICAL APPLICATION EQUIPMENT

Introduction; Types of Equipment; Cleaning Equipment; Calibrating Chemical Application Equipment; Useful Tables and Data

III. HOW TO SEND SPECIMENS FOR DISEASE, INSECT, AND WEED IDENTIFICATION

How to Send Specimens; Plant Disease and Insect Clinic; What to Sample and How to Ship; Disease Sample Submission and Instructions; Insect Identification; Plant and Weed Identification; Soil Testing, Nematode Assay, Plant Tissue Nutrient Testing, Waste and Solution Analysis

IV. FERTILIZER USE

Lime and Fertilizer Suggestions for Field, Pasture, and Hay Crops; Fertilizer Suggestions for Tree Fruit; Fertilizer Suggestions for Small Fruit; Lime and Fertilizer Suggestions for Lawns; Fertilizer Suggestions for Ornamental Plants in Landscapes; Fertilizer Suggestions for Nursery Crops; Lime and Fertilizer Suggestions for Vegetable Crops; Fertilizer Rules and Regulations; Nutrient Content of Fertilizer Materials; Solubility of Selected Fertilizer Materials; Mixing Herbicides With Nitrogen Solutions or Fluid Fertilizers; How to Test Compatibility of Herbicides with Fluid Fertilizers; Fertilizer Placement; Livestock & Poultry Manure Production Rates and Nutrient Content; Beneficial Use of Municipal Biosolids; Certified Organic Farm Management Alternatives

V. INSECT CONTROL

Relative Toxicity of Pesticides to Honey Bees; Reducing the Risk of Pesticide Poisoning to Honey Bees; Insect Control in Field Corn; Insect Control in Grain Sorghum; Insect Control in Small Grains; Insect Control in Cotton; Cotton Insect Resistance Management; Insect Control in Peanuts; Insect Control in Soybeans; Insect Control on Flue-Cured and Burley Tobacco; Insect Control for Commercial Vegetables; Insect Control for Greenhouse Vegetables; Insect Control for Livestock and Poultry; Community Pest Control; Industrial and Household Pests; Arthropod Management for Ornamental Plants Grown in Greenhouses; Arthropod Management for Ornamental Plants Grown in Nurseries or Landscapes; Arthropod Control on Christmas Trees; Commercial Turf Insect Control; Insect Control for Wood and Wood Products; Insect Control for the Home Vegetable Garden; Control of Household Pests; Insect Control for Home Lawns; Insect Management in Industrial Hemp

VI. INSECT AND DISEASE CONTROL OF FRUITS

Apple Spray Program; Blueberry Management Program; Caneberry Management Program; Bunch Grape Insect Management; Bunch Grape Disease Management; Muscadine Disease Management Program; Muscadine Insect Management; Peach and Nectarine Spray Guide; Nematode Control on Peaches; Commerical Pecan Insect Control; Commerical Pecan Insect and Disease Spray Guide; Pecan Disease Control; Strawberry Disease Control; Strawberry Insect Management

VII. CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL

Chemical Weed Control in Field Corn; Cotton; Peanuts; Sorghum; Soybeans; Sunflowers; Tobacco; and Wheat, Barley, Oats, Rye, and Triticale
Glyphosate Formulations; Herbicide Resistance Management; Herbicide Modes of Action for Hay Crops, Pastures, Lawns and Turf;
Chemical Weed Control in Clary Sage; Small Fruit Crops; Tree Fruit Crops; Hay Crops and Pastures; Lawns and Turf; Ornamentals; Vegetable Crops; and Forest Stands
Forest Site Preparation, Stand Conversion, Timber Stand Improvement; Aquatic Weed Control; Chemical Control of Specific Weeds; and Woody Plants
Total Vegetation Control on Noncropland

VIII. PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS

Growth Regulators for Cotton; Guide for Use of Defoliants on Cotton; Harvest Aids and Preharvest Desiccants; Growth-Regulating Chemicals for Apples; Growth Regulators for Floriculture Crops in Greenhouses; and Woody Ornamental Crops
Sucker Control for Flue-Cured Tobacco; Yellowing Agents for Flue-Cured Tobacco; Sucker Control for Burley Tobacco; Growth Regulators for Fruiting Vegetables; Peanuts; and Turfgrasses

IX. ANIMAL DAMAGE CONTROL

Animal Damage Control; Description of Potential Animal Pests; Animal Control Suggestions; Rodenticides; Fish Control

X. DISEASE CONTROL

Foliar Fungicides for Wheat Leaf Disease Control; Seed Treatment for Wheat Foliar Disease Control; Nematode Control in Corn; Fungicides for Control of Corn Foliar Diseases; Cotton Disease Control; Peanut Disease Control; Peanut Disease Management Calendar; Soybean Disease Control; Tobacco Disease Control; Turfgrass Disease Control; Nematicides for Turf; Floral, Nursery, and Landscape Diseases; Disease Control for Forest, Christmas, and Ornamental Trees; Commerical Landscape and Nursery Crops Disease Control; Disease Control for Commerical Vegetables; Nematode Control in Vegetable Cops; Greenhouse Vegetable Crop Disease Control; Seed Treatments; Sanitation; Various and Alternative Fungicides; Fungicide Resistance Management

Author

North Carolina State University

Publication date: Feb. 14, 2024
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Recommendations for the use of agricultural chemicals are included in this publication as a convenience to the reader. The use of brand names and any mention or listing of commercial products or services in this publication does not imply endorsement by NC State University or N.C. A&T State University nor discrimination against similar products or services not mentioned. Individuals who use agricultural chemicals are responsible for ensuring that the intended use complies with current regulations and conforms to the product label. Be sure to obtain current information about usage regulations and examine a current product label before applying any chemical. For assistance, contact your local N.C. Cooperative Extension county center.

N.C. Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment regardless of age, color, disability, family and marital status, gender identity, national origin, political beliefs, race, religion, sex (including pregnancy), sexual orientation and veteran status.